谁丢了美国:英国统治者、美国革命与帝国的命运(出书版/精彩免费下载/安德鲁·杰克逊·奥肖内西/译者:林达丰 全集免费下载/The,诺思,ed

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小说主人公是American,诺思,ed的小说叫做《谁丢了美国:英国统治者、美国革命与帝国的命运(出书版》,本小说的作者是安德鲁·杰克逊·奥肖内西/译者:林达丰最新写的一本机甲、战争、历史类型的小说,文中的爱情故事凄美而纯洁,文笔极佳,实力推荐。小说精彩段落试读:75 .William B.Willcox,“Rhode Island in British Strategy,1780-81,”Journal of Mode...

谁丢了美国:英国统治者、美国革命与帝国的命运(出书版

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《谁丢了美国:英国统治者、美国革命与帝国的命运(出书版》精彩章节

75 .William B.Willcox,“Rhode Island in British Strategy,1780-81,”Journal of Modern History 17,no.4(December 1945):320;Ewald,Diary of the American War ,p.295.

76 .Germain to Clinton,April 4,1781,CO 5/101,no.83,PRO;Adams,“A View of Cornwallis's Surrender at Yorktown,”p.34.

77 .Ibid.,pp.25-26,37,39.

78 .Don Cook,The Long Fuse :How England Lost the American Colonies ,1760-1785(New York:Atlantic Monthly Press,1995),p.347.

79 .Willcox,Portrait of a General ,p.447.敦关于克林顿意图和康华里决斗的谣言被记录在The Last Journals of Horace Walpole During the Reign of George Ⅲ,ed.A.F.Steuart,2 vols.(London:John Lane,1910),2:377,402。

80 .Edward Gibbon to Sir Henry Clinton [December 1782],The Letters of Edward Gibbon ,ed.J.E.Norton,3 vols.(New York:Macmillan,1956).3:31;Willcox,Portrait of a General ,pp.480,481;Howard H.Peckham,“Sir Henry Clinton's Review of Simcoe's Journal,”William and Mary Quarterly ,2d ser.,21,no.4(October 1941):367.

81 .Willcox,Portrait of a General ,p.406.

82 .Sir Henry Clinton to William Henry,duke of Gloucester,April 24,1780,Clinton Papers,vol.254,f.40,WLCL;Willcox,Portrait of a General ,pp.471-72.

83 .Nelson,General James Grant ,p.156;Peckham,“Sir Henry Clinton's Review of Simcoe's Journal,”p.367.

84 .Steuart,The Last Journals of Horace Walpole ,2:402;Willcox,Portrait of a General ,p.485.

85 .Maya Jasanoff,Liberty's Exiles :American Loyalists in the Revolutionary World (New York:Knopf,201l),pp.287-88.

86 .Stern,Thorns and Briars ,pp.ix,31.

87 .Willcox,Portrait of a General,p.490;Ewald,Diary of the American War ,pp.337,338.

第七章

1 .Paul H.Smith,Loyalists and Redcoats :A Study in British Revolutionary Policy (Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina Press,1964),p.98:“政府越来越不依赖军队,它成为没有依据的报告的牺牲品,报告称美国人的抵抗正在瓦解”;ibid.,p.163.

2 .John Ferling,“John Adams,Diplomat,”William and Mary Quarterly ,3d ser.,51,no.2(April 1994):239,240;Ferling,Setting the World Ablaze :Washington ,Adams ,Jefferson ,and the American Revolution (New York:Oxford University Press,2000),pp.216-17;Thomas Fleming,The Perils of Peace :America's Struggle for Survival after Yorktown (New York:Harper Collins,2007),p.79.

3 .James Kirby Martin,“A ‘Most Undisciplined,Profligate Crew’:Protest and Defiance in the Continental Ranks,1776-1783,”in Arms and Independence :The Military Character of the American Revolution ,ed.Ronald Hoffman and Peter J.Albert(Charlottesville:University of Virginia Press,1984),pp.134-36;James Kirby Martin and Mark Edward Lender,A Respectable Army :The Military Origins of the Republic ,1763-1789(Wheeling,Ill.:Harlan Davidson,2006),pp.161-63;E.Wayne Carp,To Starve the Army at Pleasure :Continental Army Administration and American Political Culture ,1775-1783(Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina Press,1984),p.68;Fleming,The Perils of Peace ,p.107;William B.Willcox,Portrait of a General :Sir Henry Clinton in the War of Independence (New York:Knopf,),p.393;Marcus Cunliffe,George Washington :Man and Monument (London:Collins,1959),p.97.

4 .Historical Memoirs of William Smith 1778-1783, ed.W.H.W.Sabine,2 vols.(New York:New York Times,1971),2:144,200-201;Frank and Mary Wickwire,Cornwallis and the War of Independence (London:Faber and Faber,1971),pp.7-8;John Peebles' American War :The Diary of a Scottish Grenadier ,1776-1782,ed.Ira Gruber,(Mechanicsburg,Pa.:Stackpole Books,1998),p.287.

5 .Quoted in Wickwire and Wickwire,Cornwallis and the War of Independence ,1:115;Ira Gruber,“British Strategy:The Theory and Practice of Eighteenth-Century Warfare,”in Reconsiderations on the Revolutionary War :Selected Essays ,ed.Don Higginbotham(Westport,Conn.:Greenwood,1978),p.15;Cornwallis to Thomas Townshend,September 2,1758,in Correspondence of Charles ,First Marquis Cornwallis ,ed.Charles Ross,3 vols.(London:John Murray,1859),1:7;Wickwire and Wickwire,Cornwallis and the War of Independence ,pp.38-39.

6 .Wickwire and Wickwire,Cornwallis and the War of Independence ,pp.27-28.

7 .Ibid.p.46.

8 .Lord North to George Ⅲ [November 26,1775],The Correspondence of King George the Third from 1760 to November 1783,ed.Sir John Fortescue,6 vols.(London:Macmillan,1927-28),3:294-95;“The House Debates Whether to Continue the War,”November 9,1780,in The American Revolution as Described by British Writers and The Morning Chronicle and London Advertiser ,ed.Elizabeth R.Miller(Bowie,Md.:Heritage Books,1991),p.31;The Historical and Posthumous Memoirs of Sir Nathaniel William Wraxall 1772-1784,ed.Henry B.Wheatley,5 vols.(1836;repr.London:Bickers & Son,1884),1:265;The Last Journals of Horace Walpole During the Reign of George Ⅲ,ed.A.F.Steuart,2 vols.(London:John Lane,1910),2:338;Benton Rain Patterson,Washington and Cornwallis :The Battle for America ,1775-1783(New York:Taylor Trade Publishing,2004),p.50;Cornwallis to Vice Admiral Arbuthnot,June 29,1780,in The Cornwallis Papers :The Campaigns of 1780 and 1781 in the Southern Theatre of the American Revolutionary War ,ed.Ian Saberton,6 vols.(Uckfield:Naval & Military Press,2010),1:159.

9 .Quoted in Hugh F.Rankin,“Charles Lord Cornwallis:Study in Frustration,”George Washington's Generals and Opponents :Their Exploits and Leadership ,ed.George Athan Billias,2 vols.in 1(1964,1969;repr.New York:Da Capo Press,1994),2:204;Steuart,The Last Journals of Horace Walpole ,1:498;Rankin,“Charles Lord Cornwallis:Study in Frustration,”in Billias,George Washington's Generals and Opponents .,2:194.康华里偶的名字在各种参考书中的拼写都不一样。这里采用牛津国家传记(Oxford Dictionary of National Biography )字典中的拼写。

10 .Matthew H.Spring,With Zeal and Bayonets Only :The British Army on Campaign in North America ,1775-1783(Norman:University of Oklahoma Press,2008),pp.105,116;Stephen Brumwell,Redcoats :The British Soldier and War in the Americas ,1755-1763(Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2002),pp.113,119,127;Ian S.Hallows,Regiments and Corps of the British Army (London:New Orchard Edition,1994),pp.194-95.

11 .Rankin,“Charles Lord Cornwallis:Study in Frustration,”p.197;The American Rebellion .:Sir Henry Clinton's Narrative of His Campaigns ,1775-1782,ed.William B.Willcox(New Haven,Conn.:Yale University Press,1954),p.60.

12 .Quoted in Wickwire and Wickwire,Cornwallis and the War of Independence ,p.116;The Diary and Letters of His Excellency Thomas Hutchinson ,Esq .,ed.Peter Orlando Hutchinson,2 vols.(New York:Burt Franklin,1971).2:231.

13 .Steuart,The Last Journals of Horace Walpole ,2:91;March 9,1779;Hutchinson,Diary and Letters of Thomas Hutchinson ,2:257;Richard Pares,King George Ⅲ and the Politicians (Oxford:Clarendon Press,1953),p.57;Hutchinson,Diary and Letters of Thomas Hutchinson ,2:201-2;Clinton to Germain,August 20,1779,in Ross,Correspondence of Charles ,First Marquis Cornwallis 1:40.

14 .Quoted in Wickwire and Wickwire,Cornwallis and the War of Independence ,p.109.

15 .Ross,Correspondence of Charles ,First Marquis of Cornwallis ,1:14.

16 .Quoted in Wickwire and Wickwire,Cornwallis and the War of Independence ,p.115.

17 .Willcox,The American Rebellion ,p.65;Wickwire and Wickwire,Cornwallis and the War of Independence ,p.122.

18 .Willcox,The American Rebellion ,p.184.

19 .Michael Pearson,Those Damned Rebels :The American Revolution as Seen Through British Eyes (New York:Da Capo Press,1972),p.334;John Mollo and Malcolm McGregor,Uniforms of the American Revolution (Poole:Blandford Press,1985),p.211;David Mannings,Sir Joshua Reynolds :A Complete Catalogue of His Paintings ,2 vols.(New Haven,Conn.:Yale University Press,2000),1:439-40.

20 .Lieutenant-Colonel Banastre Tarleton,A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781 in the Southern Provinces of North America (1787;repr.Cranbury,N.J.:The Scholar's Bookshelf,2005),p.32.

21 .Ibid.,p.31;Anthony J.Scotti Jr.,Brutal Virtue :The Myth and Reality of Banastre Tarleton (Westminster,Md.:Heritage Books,2007),pp.102,103-4.For the battle of Waxhaws see ibid.,pp.173-80.

22 .Gruber,“British Strategy,”p.29;Cornwallis to Germain,August 21,1780,Historical Manuscripts Commission,Report on the Manuscripts of Mrs.Stopford-Sackville of Drayton House ,Northamptonshire ,2 vols.(London:H.M.Stationery Office,1910),2:180.本书的描述建基于巴纳斯特•塔尔顿的回忆录,另外当代的参考文献也基本支持他的描述。详见Tarleton,A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781 in the Southern Provinces of North America ,pp.104-10。

23 .Roger Lamb,An Original and Authentic Journal of Occurrences During the Late American War ,p.305;Howard H.Peckham,The War for Independence ,rev.ed.(Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1979),p.147;Don Higginbotham,“Reflections on the War of Independence,Modern Guerrilla Warfare,and the War in Vietnam,”in Hoffman and Albert,Arms and Independence ,p.23.

24 .Cornwallis to Lieut.Colonel Cruger,August 18,1780,in Saberton,The Cornwallis Papers ,2:19;Cornwallis to Clinton,August 29,1780,ibid.,pp.41-42;Washington to Clinton,October 16,1780,ibid.,3:17-18;Clinton to l Washington,October 23,1780,ibid.,pp.19-20;Cornwallis to Clinton,December 4,1780,ibid.,pp.27-28;Cornwallis to Clinton,January 18,1781,CO 5/101,PRO;Smith,Loyalists and Redcoats ,p.146.

25 .John Shy,A People Numerous and Armed :Reflections on the Military Struggle for American Independence ,rev.ed.(Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press,200),pp.187,208;Scotti,Brutal Virtue ,p.209,refers to Cornwallis's “ambiguous stance on terror”;Tarleton,A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781 in the Southern Provinces of North America ,p.90.

26 .Russell F.Weigley,The Partisan War :The South Carolina Campaign of 1780-1782(Columbia:University of South Carolina Press,1970),p.13.

27 .一名北美殖民地王家总督的请愿书勒了发一场南方战役的益处。详见南方殖民地总督们关于军事行可行请愿的附件,Howe to Germain,July 16,1777,CO 5/94,PRO。

28 .Willcox,The American Rebellion ,p.294;Smith,Loyalists and Redcoats ,pp.156-57.

29 .Lawrence E.Babits and Joshua B.Howard,Long ,Obstinate ,and Bloody :The Battle of Guilford Courthouse (Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina Press,2009),p.29.

30 .John E.Selby,The Revolution in Virginia 1775-1783(1988;repr.Charlottesville,Va.:University of Virginia Press,2007),pp.187-88;Colin G.Calloway,The American Revolution in Indian Country :Crisis and Diversity in Native American Communities (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1995),pp.197-98,203,204;Hugh Bicheno,Rebels and Redcoats :The American Revolutionary War (New York:Harper Collins,2003),p.200.

31 .Willcox,The American Rebellion ,pp.230,228;Lord Rawdon to the Hon.Major General Leslie,October 24,1780,Historical Manuscripts Commission,Stopford-Sackville Manuscripts ,2:185.关于英国政府的南方战略,见Germain to Clinton,March 8,1778,ibid.,pp.97-100。

32 .Rankin,“Charles Lord Cornwallis:Study in Frustration,”p.205.

33 .W.J.Wood,Battles of the Revolutionary War 1775-1781,2d.ed.(New York:Da Capo Press,2003),p.190.

34 .Ibid.;Rankin,“Charles Lord Cornwallis:Study in Frustration,”p.208;Wood,Battles of the Revolutionary War ,pp.194-95.

35 .Quoted in Rankin,“Charles Lord Cornwallis:Study in Frustration,”p.208;Peckham,The War for Independence ,p.149.

36 .Rawdon to Clinton,October 29,1780,CO 5/101,PRO;Tarleton,A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781 in the Southern Provinces of North America ,p.171;Weigley,The Partisan War ,pp.15,23,55.

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谁丢了美国:英国统治者、美国革命与帝国的命运(出书版

谁丢了美国:英国统治者、美国革命与帝国的命运(出书版

作者:安德鲁·杰克逊·奥肖内西/译者:林达丰 类型:架空历史 完结: 是

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